Peter,
Considering that you have looked over the fuel pump and the plugs, I think that it could be the CPS. I have had trouble with the MAF sensor and the CPS; the MAF just makes the performance vary and the CPS will stall the car from my experience.
I am unsure how you can test the CPS, but when mine broke...it was 2:30am in the center lane on the highway when only big rig trucks were driving. I was able to roll into the breakdown lane, but I was unable to start the car again. For months before the incident, my car would sometimes stall right after starting, but it was very rare and never while I was moving (except for that one night).
If you know about mechanics, then this might help:
http://mb.ilcats.ru/group/class/1/cc...02/subtype/022
http://mb.ilcats.ru/part/class/1/cco...retsubtype/022
http://mb.ilcats.ru/part/class/1/cco...retsubtype/022
In this case someone with a 1996 C220, same as your car, had a stalling problem and they discovered it was their CPS. They have some information on replacing it with photos:
http://www.benzworld.org/forums/w202...ensor-diy.html
I'm not sure if it will work on every car, but I read of someone figuring out that their CPS was broken by plugging in a scanner into the car (under the dash). I don't want to tell you it is the CPS and have you replace it and waste money to find that it is not the problem.
This video shows someone diagnosing the sensor in a different car (similar idea though); he uses an electric meter to see if the sensor uses the correct amount of current: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6ws8EVQ6NjE
If you diagnose it and find it is the case, these guys show how to change the CPS on an S500 (different engine, but the basics are in the same place overall): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KTTM3VeJuA8
I found the part here at a vendor that I buy some parts from: http://www.rockauto.com/catalog/x,ca...,parttype,7196
I am not the best mechanic, but I will do what I can to help you. Just diagnose that CPS before your car shuts down and won't start again.
Good luck, keep me updated. I cannot not think of anything else that it could be at this point, but if I think of anything then I will post it for you.